China’s Cyber Ecosystem: Professionalization, Governance, and Long-Horizon Information Advantage
A 2022 Margin Research report argues that China has professionalized and consolidated cyber capabilities—particularly through PLA reforms and the Strategic Support Force—while expanding a broad cyber governance regime. It portrays Chinese cyber activity as a long-term strategy centered on information control, large-scale collection, and civil–military integration, with implications for U.S. security and globally exposed industries.