Critical Minerals Competition in Africa: Leverage Rising, Value Capture Still Contested
According to the source, Africa holds major critical mineral reserves but captures a small share of export value, making beneficiation and regional value chains central to Agenda 2063 and the African Mining Vision. U.S. engagement is increasingly security-driven with selective industrial signals, while China delivers infrastructure and some processing but much high-value activity remains offshore; outcomes hinge on African policy coordination and enforceable local value-add terms.